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www.murata-ps.com www.murata-ps.com/support for full details go to www.murata-ps.com/rohs $ figure 1. connection diagram typical topology is shown. murata power solutions recommends an external fuse at f1. rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 1 of 15 features ? ? 391 watts total output power, 11.85 vdc @ 33 a ? ? regulated intermediated bus architecture (riba) with pol converters ? ? 96% ultra-high ef? ciency at full load (typical) ? ? 36 to 75 volt dc input range (48 vdc nominal) ? ? standard quarter-brick footprint ? ? synchronous recti? er topology with 100 mv ripple & noise ? ? up to +85 celsius thermal performance (with derating) ? ? stable no-load operation ? ? multiple-unit parallel operation for increased current ? ? fully isolated to 2250 vdc (basic) ? ? remote on/off enable control ? ? extensive protection features C sc, oc, uvlo, ot ? ? certi? ed to full safety, emissions and environ- mental standards ? ? approved to ul 60950-1, can/csac22.2 no. 60950-1, iec60950-1, en60950-1 safety ap- provals (2nd edition, with amendment 1) product overview the fully isolated (2250 vdc) rbq-12/33-d48 module accepts a 36 to 75 volt dc input voltage range (48 vdc nominal) and converts it to a low vdc output. applications include 48v-powered datacom and telecom installations, base stations, cellular dataphone repeaters, instruments and embedded systems. wideband output ripple and noise is a low 100 mv, peak-to-peak. the rbqs synchronous-recti? er topology with line regulation and ? xed frequency operation means excellent ef? ciencies up to 96%, enabling no heatsink operation for most applications up to +85 celsius (with derating air? ow). no fan or zero air? ow higher temperature applications may use the optional base plate for cold surface mount- ing or natural-convection heatsinks. a wealth of electronic protection features include input undervoltage lockout (uvlo) , output current limit, short circuit hiccup, and overtemperature shutdown. available options include positive or negative logic remote on/off control, conformal coating, various pin lengths, and the baseplate. assembled using iso-certi? ed automated surface- mount techniques, the rbq series is certi? ed to all ul and iec emissions, safety and ? ammability standards. typical unit f1 external dc power source reference and error ampli?er t4xjudijoh t'jmufst t$vssfou4fotf -vout (4) +vout (8) on/off control (2) -vin (3) open = on $mptfe0gg +vin (1) 1ptjujwf mphjd
controller and power 5sbotgfs duty cycle 3fhvmbujpo *tpmbujpo barrier output (vout, max) current (a) nominal input (v) 11.85 33 48 fe at ur es typical uni t
www.murata-ps.com/support part number structure rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 2 of 15 maximum rated output current in amps maximum output voltage (11.85v) - / d48 - output con? guration rb = regulated converter rb n b quarter-brick package isolated converter q input voltage range d48 = 36-75v, 48v nominal performance specifications summary and ordering guide root model ? output input effi- ciency dimensions (baseplate) v out (v, max) i out (a, max) total power (w, max) ripple & noise (mvp-p) regulation (max.) ? v in nom. (v) range (v) i in, min. load (ma) i in, full load (a) typ. max. line (%) load (%) typ. (inches) (mm) rbq-12/33-d48 11.85 33 391 100 200 +1/-2 3 48 36-75 140 8.59 96% 2.3 x 1.45 x 0.5 58.4 x 36.8 x 12.7 ? please refer to the part number structure for additional options and complete ordering part numbers. ? regulation speci? cations describe the output voltage deviations as the line voltage or load current is varied from its nominal/midpoint value to either extreme. (load step = 25 %). line regulation tested from 40v to 75v, output @nominal load. ? all speci? cations are at nominal line voltage and full load, +25 deg.c. unless otherwise noted. see detailed speci? cations. output capacitors are 1f, 10uf and 470f in parallel, with a 220f input capacitor. i/o caps are necessary for our test equipment and may not be needed for your application. h s conformal coating (optional) blank = no coating, standard h = coating added, optional * load share option blank = no share s = load share c - rohs hazardous materials compliance c = rohs 6 (does not claim eu rohs exemption 7bClead in solder), standard on/off control logic option n = negative logic p = positive logic baseplate b = baseplate installed , standard lx ( through-hole packages only) blank = standard pin length 0.180 inches (4.6mm) l1 = pin length 0.110 inches (2.79mm) * l2 = pin length 0.145 inches (3.68mm) * pin length option 12 33 note: some model number com- binations may not be available. see website or contact your local murata sales representative. *minimum order quantity is required. samples available with standard pin length only.
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 3 of 15 functional specifications absolute maximum ratings conditions ? minimum typical/nominal maximum units input voltage, continuous full power operation 0 80 vdc input voltage, transient operating or non-operating, 100 ms max. duration 0 100 vdc isolation voltage input to output, 100 ms to iec/en/ul 60950-1 2250 vdc on/off remote control power on or off, referred to -vin 0 15 vdc output power 0 391 w output current current-limited, no damage, short-circuit protected 033a storage temperature range vin = zero (no power) -55 125 c absolute maximums are stress ratings. exposure of devices to greater than any of these conditions may adversely affect long-ter m reliability. proper operation under conditions other than those listed in the performance/functional speci? cations table is not implied or recommended. input operating voltage range 36 48 75 vdc recommended external fuse fast blow 20 a start-up threshold rising input voltage 32 33.5 35 vdc undervoltage shutdown falling input voltage 30 31.5 33 vdc internal filter type pi input current full load conditions 8.59 8.68 a low line vin = minimum 10.8 12 a inrush transient 0.3 a2-sec. output in short circuit 0.5 a no load input current (iout @ min) iout = minimum, unit=on 140 200 ma shut-down mode input current 510ma re? ected (back) ripple current ? measured at input with speci? ed ? lter 70 200 ma, rms general and safety ef? ciency vin=48v, full load 95 96 % vin=75v, full load 93 94 % isolation isolation voltage, input to output no baseplate 2250 vdc isolation voltage, input to output with baseplate 2250 vdc isolation voltage, input to baseplate with baseplate 1500 vdc isolation voltage, output to baseplate with baseplate 1500 vdc insulation safety rating basic isolation resistance 10 mohm isolation capacitance 1500 pf safety ul-60950-1, csa-c22.2 no.60950-1, iec/en60950-1, 2nd edition with amendment 1 yes calculated mtbf per telcordia sr332, issue 1, class 3, ground ? xed, tambient=+25c 1.8 hours x 10 6 dynamic characteristics fixed switching frequency 360 khz startup delay power on to vout regulated, 10-90% vout, resistive load 20 ms startup delay remote on to 10% of vout 10 ms dynamic load response 50-75-50% load step, settling time to within 2% of vout 350 sec dynamic load peak deviation same as above 400 mv features and options remote on/off control ? n suf? x: negative logic, on state on = pin grounded or external voltage -0.1 0.8 v negative logic, off state off = pin open or external voltage 3.5 15 v control current open collector/drain 1 2 ma p suf? x: positive logic, on state on = pin open or external voltage 2.5 15 v positive logic, off state off = ground pin or external voltage 0 1 v control current open collector/drain 1 2 ma
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 4 of 15 output conditions ? minimum typical/nominal maximum units total output power see derating 0 386 391 w voltage nominal output voltage measured @ 48vin, half load. 11.5 11.7 11.85 vdc total output range over sample load (0-33a), input line (40-75v) and temperature (see derating curves) , for regular model and s option 11 12.5 v vout overshoot 12.9 13.1 v voltage output voltage (initial output set point @48v, no load) for s option only 11.7 12.5 vdc output voltage (initial output set point @48v, 50% load) for s option only 11.69 11.71 vdc output voltage (initial output set point @48v, 100% load) for s option only 11.5 11.7 vdc output voltage for s option only 11.5 11.7 12.5 vdc overvoltage protection output voltage clamped (see technical note) n/a v current output current range 03333a minimum load no minimum load current limit inception 98% of vnom., after warmup 40 46 50 a short circuit short circuit current hiccup technique, autorecovery within 1.25% of vout 6a short circuit duration (remove short for recovery) output shorted to ground, no damage continuous short circuit protection method current limiting regulation ? line regulation vin=40 to 75v +1/-2 % load regulation iout=min. to max., vin=48v 3 % ripple and noise 5 hz- 20 mhz bw 100 200 mv pk-pk temperature coef? cient at all outputs 0.003 0.02 % of vnom./c maximum capacitive loading (10% ceramic, 90% oscon) cap. esr=<0.02, full resistive load 470 6000 f mechanical (through hole models) outline dimensions (with baseplate) 2.3 x 1.45 x 0.5 inches 58.4 x 36.8 x 12.7 mm weight (with baseplate) 2.4 ounces 69 grams through hole pin diameter input pins 0.04 0.001 inches 1.0160.025 mm through hole pin diameter output pins 0.060 0.001 inches 1.5240.025 mm through hole pin material copper alloy th pin plating metal and thickness nickel subplate 100-299 -inches gold overplate 3.9-20 -inches environmental operating ambient temperature range with derating, full power, no condensation, components +125?c. max. -40 85 c storage temperature vin = zero (no power) -55 125 c thermal protection/shutdown measured at hotspot 115 125 130 c operating baseplate temperature -40 110 120 c electromagnetic interference conducted, en55022/cispr22 external ? lter is required b class relative humidity, non-condensing to +85c 10 90 %rh altitude must derate -1%/1000 feet -500 10,000 feet -152 3048 meters rohs rating rohs-6 notes ? unless otherwise noted, all speci? cations are at nominal input voltage, nominal output voltage and full load. general conditions are +25? celsius ambient temperature, near sea level altitude, natural convection air? ow. all models are tested and speci? ed with external parallel 1f, 10f and 470 f output capacitors and 220 f external input capacitor. all capacitors are low-esr types wired close to the converter. these capacitors are necessary for our test equipment and may not be needed in the users application. ? input (back) ripple current is tested and speci? ed over 5 hz to 20 mhz bandwidth. input ? ltering is cbus = 220 f, cin = 220 f and lbus = 4.7 h. ? all models are stable and regulate to speci? cation under no load. ? the remote on/off control is referred to -vin. ? regulation speci? cations describe the output voltage changes as the line voltage or load current is varied from its nominal or midpoint value to either extreme. functional specifications (cont.)
www.murata-ps.com/support performance data rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 5 of 15 ef? ciency and power dissipation current sharing* ta=25c, vin=48v 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 n o. 1 l oa d no . 2 l oad t otal output load ( amps ) current share load ( amps ) 7 2 7 4 7 6 7 8 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 2 7 30 33 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 4 16 18 2 0 2 2 24 2 6 l oad c u r r e n t ( a m p s ) e f e e ? c i e n c y ( % ) l oss v i n = 36v v in = 4 8v v in = 7 5v di ss i pat i on at 48 v i npu t * s ee technical note sectio n startup delay (vin = 48v, iout = 33a, vout = nom, cload = 470f, ta = +25c) ch1 = vin, ch2 = vout output ripple and noise (vin = 48v, iout = 0a, vout = nom, cload = 1f || 10f || 470f, ta = +25c) enable startup delay (vin = 48v, iout = 33a, vout = nom, cload = 470f, ta = +25c) ch2 = vout, ch4 = enable output ripple and noise (vin = 48v, iout = 33a, vout = nom, cload = 1f || 10f || 470f, ta = +25c)
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 6 of 15 performance data step load transient response (vin = 48v, iout = 50-75% of imax, cload = 470f, slew rate: 1a/us, ta = +25 c.) (-delta = 278mv, recovery time = 164us) step load transient response (vin = 48v, iout = 75-50% of imax, cload = 470f, slew rate: 1a/us, ta = +25 c.) (-delta = 266mv, recovery time = 156us) step load transient response (vin = 48v, iout = 50-75-50% of imax, cload = 470f, slew rate: 1a/us, ta = +25 c.)
www.murata-ps.com/support performance data rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 7 of 15 maximum current temperature derating in transverse direction vin= 40v (air ? ow is from -vin to +vin), with baseplate maximum current temperature derating in longitudinal direction vin= 40v (air ? ow is from vin to vout), with baseplate 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 output current (amps ) ambient temperature ( oc ) 0 .5 m / s (100lfm ) 1 .0 m/s ( 200lfm ) 1 .5 m / s (300lfm ) 2 .0 m/s (400lfm ) 2 .5 m / s (500lfm ) 3.0 m/s (600lfm ) 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 o utput c urrent ( amps ) ambient temperature ( o c) 0 .5 m/s ( 100lfm ) 1 .0 m / s ( 200lfm ) 1 .5 m / s ( 300lfm ) 2.0 m/s ( 400lfm ) 2.5 m / s ( 500lfm ) 3 .0 m / s ( 600lfm ) maximum current temperature derating in transverse direction vin= 48v (air ? ow is from -vin to +vin), with baseplate 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 o utput c urrent (amps) ambient temperature (o c ) 0 .5 m / s ( 100lfm ) 1.0 m / s (200lfm ) 1.5 m / s (300lfm ) 2.0 m / s (400lfm ) 2.5 m / s (500lfm ) 3 .0 m / s (600lfm ) maximum current temperature derating in longitudinal direction vin= 48v (air ? ow is from vin to vout), with baseplate 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 output current (amps) ambient temperature (oc) 0 .5 m/s ( 100lfm ) 1.0 m/s (200lfm) 1.5 m/s (300lfm) 2 .0 m/s (400lfm) 2 .5 m/s (500lfm) 3 .0 m / s (600lfm) maximum current temperature derating in longitudinal direction vin= 75v (air ? ow is from vin to vout), with baseplate 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 output current (amps) ambient temperature (oc) 0.5 m/s (100lfm) 1.0 m/s (200lfm) 1.5 m/s (300lfm) 2.0 m/s ( 400lfm ) 2.5 m/s (500lfm) 3.0 m/s (600lfm) maximum current temperature derating in transverse direction vin= 75v (air ? ow is from -vin to +vin), with baseplate 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 o utput c urrent ( amps ) ambient temperature (oc) 0 .5 m/s (100lfm) 1 .0 m/s (200lfm) 1 .5 m/s (300lfm) 2 .0 m/s (400lfm) 2 .5 m/s (500lfm) 3 .0 m/s ( 600lfm )
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 8 of 15 mechanical specifications (through-hole mount) third angle projection dimensions are in inches (mm shown for ref. only). components are shown for reference only and may vary between units. tolerances (unless otherwise speci?ed): .xx 0.02 (0.5) .xxx 0.010 (0.25) angles 2? input/output connections pin function 1 +vin 2 remote on/off 3 ?vin 4 ?vout 8 +vout the 0.145" (l2) pin length is shown. please refer to the part number structure for alternate pin lengths. 2.000 (50.8) 1.45 (36.8) 2.30 (58.42) 0.600 (15.24) 0.600 (15.24) 0.50 (12.7) baseplate option bottom view side view baseplate option top view 1.860 (47.24) 0.210 (5.33) 0.220 (5.59) 1.030 (26.16) l 3 0.0620.002(1.5750.05) highest component between standoffs and 0.010 minimum clearance pins 1-3: 3 0.0400.002(1.0160.05) pins 4,5: see note 6 notes: unless otherwise specified: 1:m3 screw used to bolt unit's baseplate to other surfaces(such as heatsink) must not exceed 0.098''(2.5mm) depth below the surface of baseplate 2:applied torque per screw should not exceed 5.3in-lb(0.6nm); 3:all dimension are in inches[milimeter]; 4:all tolerances: .in, 0.02in(.mm,0.5mm) .in ,0.01in(.mm,0.25mm) 5:component will vary between models 6:standard pin length: 0.180 inch for l2 pin length option in model name, see part number structure. 3 2 8 1 4 m3 typ 3pl
www.murata-ps.com/support shipping trays and boxes, through-hole mount shipping tray dimensions rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 9 of 15 30 converters per carton carton accommodates two (2) trays yielding mpq=30 .25 11.00 .25 10.50 2.750.25 closed height each static dissipative polyethylene foam tray accommodates 15 converters in a 3 x 5 array 9.92 ref ref 9.92 0.88 ref rbq modules are supplied in a 15-piece (5 x 3) shipping tray. the tray is an anti-static closed-cell polyethylene foam. dimensi ons are shown below. notes: material: dow 220 antistat ethafoam 1. (density: 34-35 kg/m3) dimensions: 252 x 252 x 19.1 mm 2. 5 x 3 array (15 per tray) 3. all dimensions in millimeters [inches] 4. tolerances unless otherwise speci?ed: +1/-0 [9.92] 252.0 l 36.83 [1.450] typ typ 18.67 [0.735] 60.96 [2.400] typ 15.875 [0.625] 18.42 [0.725] typ c 6.35 [.25] chamfer typ (4-pl) 6.35 [.25] r typ -.062 +.000 [9.92] 252.0 -.062 +.000 46.36 [1.825] typ
www.murata-ps.com/support thermal shutdown extended operation at excessive temperature will initiate overtemperature shutdown triggered by a temperature sensor inside the pwm controller. this operates similarly to overcurrent and short circuit mode. the inception point of the overtemperature condition depends on the average power delivered, the ambient temperature and the extent of forced cooling air? ow. thermal shutdown uses only the hiccup mode (autorestart). parallel load sharing (s option, load sharing) two or more converters may be connected in parallel at both the input and output terminals to support higher output current (total power, see ? gure 2) or to improve reliability due to the reduced stress that results when the modules are operating below their rated limits. for applications requiring current share, follow the guidelines below. see speci? cation table for output voltage set points. the stated output voltage set point is trimmed to a very narrow range (11.7v 10mv @48vin, 50% load). the output voltage will decrease when the load current is increased. our goal is to have each converter contribute nearly identical current into the output load under all input, environmental and load conditions. using parallel connections C load sharing (power boost) ? ? all converters must be powered up and powered down simultaneously. use a common input power source. ? ? it is required to use a common remote on/off logic control signal to turn on modules (see ? gure 2). ? ? when vin has reached steady state, apply control signal to the all modules. figure 3 illustrates the turn on process for positive logic modules. ? ? first power up the parallel system (all converters) with a load not exceed- ing the rated load of each converter and allow converters to settle (typically 20-100ms) before applying full load. as a practical matter, if the loads are downstream pol converters, power these up shortly after the converter has reached steady state output. also be aware of the delay caused by charging up external bypass capacitors. ? ? it is critical that the pcb layout incorporates identical connections from each module to the load; use the same trace rating and air? ow/thermal environ- ments. if you add input ? lter components, use identical components and layout. ? ? when converters are connected in parallel, allow for a safety factor of at least 10%. up to 90% of max output current can be used from each module. technical notes caution: this converter is not internally fused. to avoid danger to persons or equipment and to retain safety certi? cation, the user must connect an external fast-blow input fuse as listed in the speci? cations. be sure that the pc board pad area and etch size are adequate to provide enough current so that the fuse will blow with an overload. using parallel connections C redundancy (n+1) the redundancy connections in ? gure 4 requires external user supplied oring diodes or oring mosfets for reliability purposes. the diodes allow for an uninterruptable power system operation in case of a catastrophic failure (shorted output) by one of the converters. the diodes should be identical part numbers to enhance balance between the converters. the default factory nominal voltage should be suf? ciently matched between converters. the oring diode system is the responsibility of the user. be aware of the power levels applied to the diodes and possible heat sink requirements. schottky power diodes with approximately 0.3v drops or oring mosfets may be suitable in the loop whereas 0.7 v silicon power diodes may not be advisable. in the event of an internal device fault or failure of the mains power rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 10 of 15 figure 2. load sharing block diagram on/off on/off on/off f1 f2 f3 + + C C + C +vin +vout Cvin Cvout Cvin Cvout Cvin Cvout +vin +vout +vin +vout load input source on/off signal input filter on/off vout vin ch2 ch2 = on/off ch3 ch3 = vout ch1 ch1 = vin figure 3. typical turn on for positive logic modules figure 4. redundant parallel connections on/off on/off on/off f1 f2 f3 + + C C + C +vin +vout Cvin Cvout Cvin Cvout Cvin Cvout +vin +vout +vin +vout load input source on/off signal input filter
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 11 of 15 modules on the primary side, the other devices automatically take over the entire supply of the loads. in the basic n+1 power system, the n equals the number of modules required to fully power the system and +1 equals one back-up module that will take over for a failed module. if the system consists of two power modules, each providing 50% of the total load power under normal operation and one module fails, another one delivers full power to the load. this means you can use smaller and less expensive power converters as the redundant elements, while achieving the goal of increased availability. start up considerations when power is ? rst applied to the dc-dc converter, there is some risk of start up dif? culties if you do not have both low ac and dc impedance and adequate regulation of the input source. make sure that your source supply does not allow the instantaneous input voltage to go below the minimum voltage at all times. use a moderate size capacitor very close to the input terminals. you may need two or more parallel capacitors. a larger electrolytic or ceramic cap sup- plies the surge current and a smaller parallel low-esr ceramic cap gives low ac impedance. remember that the input current is carried both by the wiring and the ground plane return. make sure the ground plane uses adequate thickness copper. run additional bus wire if necessary. input fusing certain applications and/or safety agencies may require fuses at the inputs of power conversion components. fuses should also be used when there is the possibility of sustained input voltage reversal which is not current-limited. for greatest safety, we recommend a fast blow fuse installed in the ungrounded input supply line. input under-voltage shutdown and start-up threshold under normal start-up conditions, converters will not begin to regulate properly until the rising input voltage exceeds and remains at the start-up threshold voltage (see speci? cations). once operating, converters will not turn off until the input voltage drops below the under-voltage shutdown limit. subsequent restart will not occur until the input voltage rises again above the start-up threshold. this built-in hysteresis prevents any unstable on/off operation at a single input voltage. start-up time assuming that the output current is set at the rated maximum, the vin to vout start-up time (see speci? cations) is the time interval between the point when the rising input voltage crosses the start-up threshold and the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its speci? ed accuracy band. actual measured times will vary with input source impedance, external input capaci- tance, input voltage slew rate and ? nal value of the input voltage as it appears at the converter. these converters include a soft start circuit to moderate the duty cycle of its pwm controller at power up, thereby limiting the input inrush current. the on/off remote control interval from on command to vout (? nal 5%) assumes that the converter already has its input voltage stabilized above the start-up threshold before the on command. the interval is measured from the on command until the output enters and remains within its speci? ed accuracy band. the speci? cation assumes that the output is fully loaded at maximum rated current. similar conditions apply to the on to vout regulated speci? cation such as external load capacitance and soft start circuitry. recommended input filtering the user must assure that the input source has low ac impedance to provide dynamic stability and that the input supply has little or no inductive content, including long distributed wiring to a remote power supply. the converter will operate with no additional external capacitance if these conditions are met. for best performance, we recommend installing a low-esr capacitor immediately adjacent to the converters input terminals. the capacitor should be a ceramic type such as the murata grm32 series or a polymer type. make sure that the input terminals do not go below the undervoltage shutdown volt- age at all times. more input bulk capacitance may be added in parallel (either electrolytic or tantalum) if needed. recommended output filtering the converter will achieve its rated output ripple and noise with no additional external capacitor. however, the user may install more external output capaci- tance to reduce the ripple even further or for improved dynamic response. again, use low-esr ceramic (murata grm32 series) or polymer capacitors. mount these close to the converter. measure the output ripple under your load conditions. use only as much capacitance as required to achieve your ripple and noise objectives. excessive capacitance can make step load recovery sluggish or possibly introduce instability. do not exceed the maximum rated output capaci- tance listed in the speci? cations. input ripple current and output noise all models in this converter series are tested and speci? ed for input re? ected ripple current and output noise using designated external input/output com- ponents, circuits and layout as shown in the ? gures below. the cbus and lbus components simulate a typical dc voltage bus. minimum output loading requirements all models regulate within speci? cation and are stable under no load to full load conditions. operation under no load might however slightly increase output ripple and noise. c in v in c bus l bus c in = 220f (100v), esr < 700m @ 100khz c bus = 220f (100v), esr < 100m @ 100khz l bus = 4.7h +vin -vin current probe to oscilloscope + C + C figure 5. measuring input ripple current
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 12 of 15 thermal shutdown to prevent many over temperature problems and damage, these converters include thermal shutdown circuitry. if environmental conditions cause the temperature of the dc-dcs to rise above the operating temperature range up to the shutdown temperature, an on-board electronic temperature sensor will power down the unit. when the temperature decreases below the turn-on threshold, the converter will automatically restart. there is a small amount of hysteresis to prevent rapid on/off cycling. caution: if you operate too close to the thermal limits, the converter may shut down suddenly without warning. be sure to thoroughly test your applica- tion to avoid unplanned thermal shutdown. temperature derating curves the graphs in this data sheet illustrate typical operation under a variety of conditions. the derating curves show the maximum continuous ambient air temperature and decreasing maximum output current which is acceptable under increasing forced air? ow measured in linear feet per minute (lfm). note that these are average measurements. the converter will accept brief increases in current or reduced air? ow as long as the average is not exceeded. note that the temperatures are of the ambient air? ow, not the converter itself which is obviously running at higher temperature than the outside air. also note that natural convection is de? ned as very ? ow rates which are not using fan-forced air? ow. depending on the application, natural convection is usually about 30-65 lfm but is not equal to still air (0 lfm). murata power solutions makes characterization measurements in a closed cycle wind tunnel with calibrated air? ow. we use both thermocouples and an infrared camera system to observe thermal performance. as a practical matter, it is quite dif? cult to insert an anemometer to precisely measure air? ow in most applications. sometimes it is possible to estimate the effective air? ow if you thoroughly understand the enclosure geometry, entry/exit ori? ce areas and the fan ? owrate speci? cations. caution: if you exceed these derating guidelines, the converter may have an unplanned over temperature shut down. also, these graphs are all collected near sea level altitude. be sure to reduce the derating for higher altitude. output fusing the converter is extensively protected against current, voltage and tempera- ture extremes. however your output application circuit may need additional protection. in the extremely unlikely event of output circuit failure, excessive voltage could be applied to your circuit. consider using an appropriate fuse in series with the output. output current limiting current limiting inception is de? ned as the point at which full power falls below the rated tolerance. see the performance/functional speci? cations. note par- ticularly that the output current may brie? y rise above its rated value in normal operation as long as the average output power is not exceeded. this enhances reliability and continued operation of your application. if the output current is too high, the converter will enter the short circuit condition. output short circuit condition when a converter is in current-limit mode, the output voltage will drop as the output current demand increases. if the output voltage drops too low (approxi- mately 97% of nominal output voltage for most models), the pwm controller will shut down. following a time-out period, the pwm will restart, causing the output voltage to begin rising to its appropriate value. if the short-circuit condition persists, another shutdown cycle will initiate. this rapid on/off cycling is called hiccup mode. the hiccup cycling reduces the average output cur- rent, thereby preventing excessive internal temperatures and/or component damage. a short circuit can be tolerated inde? nitely. the hiccup system differs from older latching short circuit systems because you do not have to power down the converter to make it restart. the system will automatically restore operation as soon as the short circuit condi- tion is removed. remote on/off control on the input side, a remote on/off control can be speci? ed with either logic type. please refer to the connection diagram on page 1 for on/off connections. positive-logic models are enabled when the on/off pin is left open or is pulled high to +15v with respect to Cvin. positive-logic devices are disabled when the on/off is grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see speci? ca- tions) with respect to Cvin. negative-logic models are on (enabled) when the on/off is grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see speci? cations) with respect to Cvin. the device is off (disabled) when the on/off is left open or is pulled high to +15vdc max. with respect to Cvin. dynamic control of the on/off function should be able to sink speci? ed signal current when brought low and withstand speci? ed voltage when brought high. be aware too that there is a ? nite time in milliseconds (see speci? cations) between the time of on/off control activation and stable output. this time will vary slightly with output load type and current and input conditions. output capacitive load these converters do not require external capacitance added to achieve rated speci? cations. users should only consider adding capacitance to reduce switching noise and/or to handle spike current load steps. install only enough capacitance to achieve noise objectives. excess external capacitance may cause degraded transient response and possible oscillation or instability. c1 = 1f c2 = 10f c3 = 470f r load c2 c3 c1 scope +vout -vout figure 6. measuring output ripple and noise (pard)
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 13 of 15 output ovp (output clamped) the rbq-12/33-d48 module incorporates circuitry to protect the output/load (output ovp, over voltage protection) by effectively clamping the output volt- age to a maximum of 13.1v under certain fault conditions. the initial output voltage is set at the factory for an accuracy of 1.5%, and is regulated over line load and temperature using a closed loop feedback system. in the event of a failure that causes the module to operate open loop (failure in the control loop), the output voltage will be determined by the input voltage/duty cycle of the voltage conversion (pulse width modulation) circuit. for example, when the input voltage is at 36v, the duty cycle is d1; when the input voltage is at 75v, the maximum duty cycle is d1/2; this change in duty cycle compensates vout for vin changes. as vin continues to increase above 75v the voltage at vout is clamped because maximum duty cycle has been reached. the output voltage is always proportional to vin*duty in a buck derived topology. figure 4 is the test waveform for the rbq-12/33-d48 module when its feedback loop is open, simulating a loop failure. channel 1 is the input voltage and channel 2 it the output voltage. when the input voltage climbs from 48vdc to 100vdc, the output voltage remains stable. figure 7. test waveform with feedback loop open
www.murata-ps.com/support rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 14 of 15 emissions performance, model rbq-12-33-d48 murata power solutions measures its products for radio frequency emissions against the en 55022 and cispr 22 standards. passive resistance loads are employed and the output is set to the maximum voltage. if you set up your own emissions testing, make sure the output load is rated at continuous power while doing the tests. the recommended external input and output capacitors (if required) are included. please refer to the fundamental switching frequency. all of this information is listed in the product speci? cations. an external discrete ? lter is installed and the circuit diagram is shown below. [1] conducted emissions parts list [2] conducted emissions test equipment used hewlett packard hp8594l spectrum analyzer C s/n 3827a00153 2line v-networks ls1-15v 50/50uh line impedance stabilization network [3] conducted emissions test results [4] layout recommendations most applications can use the ? ltering which is already installed inside the converter or with the addition of the recommended external capacitors. for greater emissions suppression, consider additional ? lter components and/or shielding. emissions performance will depend on the users pc board layout, the chassis shielding environment and choice of external components. please refer to application note gean-02 for further discussion. since many factors affect both the amplitude and spectra of emissions, we recommend using an engineer who is experienced at emissions suppression. reference part number description vendor c1, c2, c3, c4, c5 grm32er72a105ka01l smd ceramic-100v- 1000nf-x7r-1210 murata c6 grm319r72a104ka01d smd ceramic100v-100nf- 10%-x7r-1206 murata l1, l2 pg0060t common mode-473uh- 25%-14a pulse c8, c9, c10, c11 grm55dr72j224kw01l smd ceramic630v-0.22uf- 10%-x7r-2220 murata c7 uhe2a221mhd aluminum100v-220uf- 10%-long lead nichicon c12 na load c2 l1 c6 c7 dc/dc c12 ++ vcc rtn -48v gnd gnd c3 c1 l2 c5 c4 c8 c9 c10 c11 figure 8. conducted emissions test circuit graph 1. conducted emissions performance, positive line, cispr 22, class b, full load graph 2. conducted emissions performance, negative line, cispr 22, class b, full load
www.murata-ps.com/support murata power solutions, inc. makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. the descriptions contained her ein do not imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. speci? cations are subject to cha nge without notice. ? 2013 murata power solutions, inc. murata power solutions, inc. 11 cabot boulevard, mans? eld, ma 02048-1151 u.s.a. iso 9001 and 14001 registered this product is subject to the following operating requirements and the life and safety critical application sales policy : refer to: http://www.murata-ps.com/requirements/ rbq-12/33-d48 quarter-brick 400-watt isolated dc-dc converters mdc_rbq-12/33-d48.a02 page 15 of 15 soldering guidelines murata power solutions recommends the speci? cations below when installing these converters. these speci? cations vary dependin g on the solder type. exceeding these speci? ca- tions may cause damage to the product. your production environment may differ; therefore please thoroughly review these guideli nes with your process engineers. wave solder operations for through-hole mounted products (thmt) for sn/ag/cu based solders: for sn/pb based solders: maximum preheat temperature 115 c. maximum preheat temperature 105 c. maximum pot temperature 270 c. maximum pot temperature 250 c. maximum solder dwell time 7 seconds maximum solder dwell time 6 seconds figure 9. vertical wind tunnel ir video camera ir transparent optical window variable speed fan heating element ambient temperature sensor air?ow collimator precision low-rate anemometer 3 below uut unit under test (uut) vertical wind tunnel murata power solutions employs a computer controlled custom-designed closed loop vertical wind tunnel, infrared video camera system, and test instrumentation for accurate air? ow and heat dissipation analysis of power products. the system includes a precision low ? ow-rate anemometer, variable speed fan, power supply input and load controls, temperature gauges, and adjustable heating element. the ir camera monitors the thermal performance of the unit under test (uut) under static steady-state conditions. a special optical port is used which is transparent to infrared wavelengths. both through-hole and surface mount converters are soldered down to a 10"x 10" host carrier board for realistic heat absorption and spreading. both longitudinal and trans- verse air? ow studies are possible by rotation of this carrier board since there are often signi? cant differences in the heat dissipation in the two air? ow directions. the combination of adjustable air? ow, adjustable ambient heat, and adjustable input/output currents and voltages mean that a very wide range of measurement conditions can be studied. the collimator reduces the amount of turbulence adjacent to the uut by minimizing air? ow turbulence. such turbu- lence in? uences the effective heat transfer characteristics and gives false readings. excess turbulence removes more heat from some surfaces and less heat from others, possibly causing uneven overheating. both sides of the uut are studied since there are different thermal gradients on each side. the adjustable heating element and fan, built-in temperature gauges, and no-contact ir camera mean that power supplies are tested in real-world conditions.

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