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REFERENCE DESIGN
International Rectifier
IRDCIP2001-C
* 233 Kansas Street, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
Overview
IRDCIP2001-C, 500kHz, 80A, 4-phase Synchronous Buck Converter using iP2001
In this document, table 1 and figure 1 are provided to enable engineers to easily evaluate the iP2001 in a 4-phase configuration that is capable of providing up to 80A in a lab environment without airflow. Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 and the complete bill of materials in table 2 are provided as a reference design to enable engineers to very quickly and easily design a 4-phase converter. In order to optimize this design to your specific requirements refer to the data sheet for the controller listed in the bill of materials. A variety of other controllers may also be used, but the design will require layout and control circuit modifications.
Demoboard Quick Start Guide
Initial Settings:
The output is set to 1.7V, but can be adjusted from 1.1 to 1.85V by setting S1 according to the VID codes provided in Table 1. Droop control is set to 50mV at 80A, but can be adjusted by following the instructions in the data sheet for the PWM controller. The switching frequency per phase is set to 500kHz with the frequency set resistor R4. This creates an effective output frequency of 2MHz. The graph in figure 1 shows the relationship between R4 and the switching frequency per phase. This frequency may be adjusted by changing R4 according to this graph; however, extreme changes from the 500kHz set point may require redesigning the control loop and adjusting the values of input and output capacitors. Also, refer to the SOA graph in the iP2001 datasheet for maximum operating current at different frequencies.
Procedure for Connecting and Powering Up Demoboard:
1. Apply input voltage (5-12V) across VIN (TP18) and PGND (TP14). Note that this input source must be applied first during the power-up sequence. 2. Apply +5V logic power across +5V (TP19) and PGND (TP20). 3. Apply load across VOUT pads (TP10 - TP13) and PGND pads (TP14 - TP17) 4. Set ENABLE high. 5. Monitor switch node signals (optional) via TP6 - TP9. 6. Adjust load accordingly.
iP2001 Recommended Operating Conditions
(refer to the iP2001 datasheet for maximum operating conditions) Input voltage: 5 - 12V Output voltage: 1.1 - 1.85V Output current: 20A per phase, 80A total for 4-phase demo board. Switching Freq: 500kHz per phase, 2MHz effective output frequency.
07/19/02
IRDCIP2001-C
1000
100
Resistance (k)
10 1 100
1000
Output Frequency (kHz)
Figure 1 - R4 vs. Frequency per Phase
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
2
VDAC Off 1.100 1.250 1.150 1.175 1.200 1.225 1.250 1.275 1.300 1.325 1.350 1.375 1.400 1.425 1.450
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
VDAC 1.475 1.500 1.525 1.550 1.575 1.600 1.625 1.650 1.675 1.700 1.725 1.750 1.775 1.800 1.825 1.850
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Table 1 - PWM IC Voltage Identification Codes
IRDCIP2001-C
92% 90%
88%
86%
VIN = 12V VOUT = 1.6V TA = 25C
fSW= 1MHz 84%
82%
80% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Output Current (A)
Figure 2 - Typical Efficiency vs. Current
Refer to the following application notes for detailed guidelines and suggestions when implementing iPOWIR Technology products:
AN-1028: Recommended Design, Integration and Rework Guidelines for International Rectifier's iPOWIR Technology BGA Packages This paper discusses the assembly considerations that need to be taken when mounting iPOWIR BGA's on printed circuit boards. This includes soldering, pick and place, reflow, inspection, cleaning and reworking recommendations. AN-1029: Optimizing a PCB Layout for an iPOWIR Technology Design This paper describes how to optimize the PCB layout design for both thermal and electrical performance. This includes placement, routing, and via interconnect suggestions. AN-1030: Applying iPOWIR Products in Your Thermal Environment This paper explains how to use the Power Loss and SOA curves in the data sheet to validate if the operating conditions and thermal environment are within the Safe Operating Area of the iPOWIR product.
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Efficiency
3
fSW = 500kHz
12
11
10 8
9
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
U1 COMP VOUT SENSE TP5 19 PGOOD PWM1 ISEN2 PWM2 0 ENABLE ENABLE PRDY PGND VSW2 SWNODE2 ISEN3 PWM3 ISEN4 PWM4 0 HIP6311 SGND 10uF PWM3 ENABLE ENABLE PRDY C27 10uF
*
6
10 VSEN ISEN1 15 VDD VIN C6 10uF TP7 SWNODE2 L2 0.54uH C18 Open C19 C7 10uF C8 10uF C30 10uF SGND R11 PWM2 R16 10K R7 2K 1% Vin 13 14 0 R10 +5V U3 IP2001 16
VID4 PGOOD 1 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 FS/DIS GND VDD VIN C9 10uF C10 10uF SWNODE3 VSW3 PGND C11 Vin C31 10uF R8 2K 1% TP8 SWNODE3 L3 0.54uH 18 +5V R13 IP2001 U4 17 0 11 R12 12 2 3 4 5 8 R4 51K 9 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0
FB
4
S1
*Rx &Cx are not parts of PCB
R3 open +5V VDD C28 22pF R1 1k 0.022uF ENABLE 0.54uH PRDY VCC 20 C2 10uF C15 Open C16 Open PGND C17 100uF TP10 VOUT TP11 VOUT TP12 VOUT TP13 VOUT VOUT SENSENE TP21 C20 Open 100uF VSW1 0 R14 R15 10K L1 ENABLE SWNODE1 VOUT C1 PWM1 +5V SGND C3 10uF C4 10uF C5 10uF C29 10uF R5 2K 1% TP6 SWNODE1 VIN Vin IP2001 U2 TP18 Vin
Rx Cx
51 4700pF ENABLE R6 10K 1K R2
IRDCIP2001-C
+5V
C33 VOUT SENSE 0.01uF X7R PGNDSENSE TP22 PGND SENSE
Freq. Set Resistor
+5V
TP19
+5V
R17 10K
C21 Open
C22 Open
C23 100uF
TP14 PGND TP15 PGND TP16 PGND TP17 PGND
PGND
TP20
Note: Rx and Cx are add on components
VDD VIN SGND PWM4 ENABLE ENABLE PRDY VSW4 PGND R18 10K
+5V
IP2001
U5 C12 10uF SWNODE4 C13 10uF C14 10uF
Vin C32 10uF R9 2K 1% TP9 SWNODE4 L4 0.54uH C24 Open C25 Open C26 100uF
Fig. 3 - Reference Design Schematic
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IRDCIP2001-C
Fig. 4 - Component Placement Top
Fig. 5 - Component Placement Bottom Layer
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IRDCIP2001-C
Designator C1 C2 - C14, C27, C29 - C32 C15, C16, C18, C19, C21, C22, C24, C25, D1 - D4, R3, R19 C17, C20, C23, C26 C28 C33 Cx L1 - L4 R1, R2 R10 - R14 R6, R15 - R18 R4 R5, R7, R8, R9 Rx S1 ST1 - ST4 U1 U2 - U5 Value 1 0.022uF 10.0uF 100uF 22.0pF 0.010uF 4700pF 0.54uH 1K 0 10K 51K 2K 51 SPST 4-40 Value 2 50V 16V 6.3V 50V 50V 50V 27A 1/8W 1/8W 1/8W 1/8W 1/8W 1/10W 6 position Type X7R X5R X5R COG X7R X7R Ferrite Thick film Thick film Thick film Thick film Thick film Thick film Switch PWM controller DC-DC Tolerance 10% 10% 10% 5% 10% 10% 20% 5% <50m 5% 5% 5% 5% 0 - 70C Package 0805 1210 Mfr. TDK TDK Mfr. Part No. C2012X7R1H223K C3225X5R1C106K C5750X5R0J107K C2012COG1H220J C2012X7R1H103K C1608X7R1H472K ETQP6F0R6BFA MCR10EZHJ102 MCR10EZHJ000 MCR10EZHJ103 MCR10EZHJ513 MCR10EZHJ202 RM73B1J510J SD06H0SK 8412 HIP6311CB IP2001
2220 TDK 0805 TDK 0805 TDK 0603 TDK SMT Panasonic 0805 ROHM 0805 ROHM 0805 ROHM 0805 ROHM 0805 ROHM 0603 KOA SMT C&K Components Keystone SOIC20 Intersil 11 x 11 x 3mm IR
Table 2 - Reference Design Bill of Materials
Adjusting the Over-Current Limit
R7 & R8 are the resistors used to adjust the over-current trip point. The trip point is a function of the controller and corresponds to 165% of the output current indicated on the x-axis of Fig. 6. For example, selecting a resistance of 1.5K at each phase will set the trip point to 165% of 15A, or 24.75A. The trip point for each phase on the demoboard is currently set to 165% of 20A, or 33A.
2100 2000 1900 1800 1700 1600
RISEN ( )
1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Output Current (A)
Fig. 6 - RISEN vs Current (per Phase) 6 www.irf.com
IRDCIP2001-C
Sequencing Tip
It's important to have proper sequencing between the control IC and the iP2001 blocks. This assures the soft-start routine of the IC will properly ramp-up the output voltage during a power-up or restart from shut down event. Figure 7 shows a simple and cost effective way to synchronize the iP2001 blocks with an HIP6311 control IC in a 4 Phase configuration. Placing Schottky diodes between the iP2001's PRDY pin and the IC's FS/DIS pin creates an interface analogous to an AND operation. With this configuration, no single iP2001 can enable the IC independently. This configuration also resolves any differences in timing and logic thresholds between iP2001 devices. The capacitors are used to filter high frequency noise on the PRDY line. Additionally, the ENABLE pin of the iP2001 blocks can be used as the master control switch for the system. During power-up, the PRDY pin is held low until V DD reaches a typical voltage of 4.4V. Until then, the schottky diode is forward biased and clamps the FS/DIS pin well below the disable voltage of the HIP6311 IC (typically 1V). Upon reaching 4.4V, the PRDY pin transitions to a logic-level high state and releases the clamp on the FS/DIS pin. This enables the IC and allows its soft start routine to begin (see figure 8), assuming the voltage at the IC's V CC pin is greater than its power-on reset threshold. When the ENABLE pin is held to a logic-level low state (shut down mode), the PRDY pin clamps the FS/DIS pin of the IC below the disable voltage. After the ENABLE pin transitions to a logic-level high state, the PRDY releases the clamp on the FS/DIS pin, enabling the IC and allowing its soft start routine to begin (see figure 9). During power-down, the PRDY pin transitions to a logic-level low state when the VDD reaches the under voltage lock out threshold of the iP2001 blocks. The FS/DIS pin is then clamped below the disable voltage, disabling the control IC.
BAT54
PRDY1 ENABLE 0.22F
iP2001 BAT54
PRDY2 ENABLE 0.22F
iP2001 BAT54
PRDY3 ENABLE 0.22F FB PWM2 ISEN2 ISEN3 PWM3 COMP PWM1
iP2001
PRDY4 ENABLE
BAT54
FS/DIS 0.22F GND 51k VSEN
iP2001 Master Control
HIP6311
Fig. 7 - Sequencing Schematic www.irf.com 7
IRDCIP2001-C
Ch 1: VDD
Ch 2: PRDY
Ch 3: VOUT
Fig. 8 - VDD Rise vs. Output Timing
Ch 1: ENABLE
Ch 2: PRDY
Ch 3: VOUT
Fig. 9 - Enable On vs. Output Timing Use of this design for any application should be fully verified by the customer. International Rectifier cannot guarantee suitability for your applications, and is not liable for any result of usage for such applications including, without limitation, personal or property damage or violation of third party intellectual property rights. IR WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245, USA Tel: (310) 252-7105 TAC Fax: (310) 252-7903 8 www.irf.com

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