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QPI-5L
QuietPower TM
14 Amp Active EMI Filter for 24 V DC Bus
Description
The QPI-5 active EMI filter attenuates conducted common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise over the CISPR22 frequency range of 150 kHz to 30 MHz. The product is designed for use on a 24 Vdc bus (10-40 Vdc). The QPI-5's 14 A rating supports multiple DC-DC converter loads up to a PCB temperature of 60C. At a 100C PCB temperature the QPI-5 supports 12 A loads. Designed for a nominal 24 V bus, the QPI-5 supports industrial and COTS applications. In comparison to passive solutions, the use of active filtering reduces the volume of the common-mode choke, providing a low profile, surface mount device. Smaller size saves valuable board real estate and the reduced height enhances airflow in blade applications. The QPI-5 is available in a 1.0" x 1.0" x 0.2" SiP (System in Package) with LGA mounting. QPI-5-EVAL1 kits are available for testing the QPI-5. The evaluation board has a mounted QPI-5 with screw terminals for quick in-circuit testing. Check picorpower.com for the QPI-5-EVAL1 evaluation board and the QPI-AN1 Application Note.
Features
* >60 dB CM attenuation at 250 kHz * >80 dB DM attenuation at 250 kHz * 40 Vdc (max input) * 14 Amp rating * 100 Vdc surge 100 ms * 707 Vdc Hi-pot hold off to Shield Plane * 1.0" x 1.0" x 0.2" SiP (System-in-Package) * SMT Land Grid Array (LGA) * -40 to +100C PCB temperature (See Fig. 5) * Active filtering reduces volume and height * Efficiency >99% at full load and 28 V * Connect in series for higher attenuation * TUV approved
Applications
* Industrial bus supplies * Telecom base stations * COTS systems
Typical Application
QPI Performance
QPI-5 CM 90 80 70 Attenuation [dB] 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.01
10 , 1/4 W
QPI-5 DM
0.1
1
10
Frequency [MHz]
Figure 1 - QPI basic input bus filter circuit. Read important note on page 3 for Layout and Circuit Considerations. Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
Figure 2 - Attenuation curves showing common-mode and differential-mode attenuation. QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 1 of 8
Absolute Maximum Ratings - Exceeding these parameters may result in permanent damage to the product.
Pins BUS+ to BUSBUS+ to BUSBUS+/BUS- to Shield Plane QPI+ to QPIPackage Package Package Package Package Package Package All Pins Parameter Input voltage Input voltage BUS inputs to Shield Hipot Input to output current Power dissipation Operating temperature Thermal resistance Junction temperature Thermal resistance Storage temperature Re-flow temperature ESD 20 second exposure @ HBM Notes Continuous 100ms transient Per test std. 10 seconds @ 25C VBUS = 24 V, IBUS = 14 Adc, 60C PCB to QPI Interface Free air Internal @ Pdmax and 15C/W PCB layout (see Figs. 9 & 10) 1 -40 -40 Min -40 -100 Max 40 100 +/-500 20 4.0 100 50 160 15 125 212 +/-2 Units Vdc Vdc Vdc Adc W C C/W C C/W C C kV
Note 1 - Refer to Figures 9 & 10 for PCB layout guidelines to achieve this thermal resistance when re-flowed onto the PCB.
Electrical Characteristics - Parameter limits apply over the operating temp. range unless otherwise noted.
Parameter BUS+ to BUS- input range BUS+ to QPI+ voltage drop BUS- to QPI- voltage drop Common-mode insertion loss Differential-mode insertion loss Input bias current at 40 Volts Notes Measured at 12 A2 Measured at 12 A2 70 80 7 Measured at 12 A2 VBUS = 28 V frequency = 500 kHz VBUS = 28 V frequency = 500 kHz Input current from BUS+ to BUSMin 10 Typ Max 40 -160 30 Units Vdc mVdc mVdc dB dB mA
Note 2 - Refer to Figure 5 for current derating curve.
THERM 1 9 8 QPI+ 7 6 SHIELD 5 4
THERM 2 11 12 13 BUS+ 14 15 16 BUS2 1
QPI-5: (bottom view)
BUS+ BUSQPI+ QPISHIELD THERM 1 THERM 2 12,13,14 1,15,16 7,8,9 2,3,4 5,6 10 11
10
3
QPI-
Pad Designations
Pad Description
BUSBUS+ QPIQPI+ Negative bus potential Positive bus voltage Negative input to the converter Positive input to the converter THERM1 THERM2 Shield Internal connection must be electrically floating but maximize copper landing for heat sinking. The shield connects to the converter shield and Y-capacitor common point through RY.
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 2 of 8
Applications Information
The QPI-5 is an active EMI filter providing conducted common-mode and differential-mode attenuation from 150 kHz to 30 MHz. The QPI-5 attenuates noise at all frequencies covered by EN55022. Designers should be aware that to select and qualify an EMI filter they must test the filter in their equipment under the set up and conditions specified in the EMI standards that they are trying to meet. Filter performance is highly dependent on several factors and cannot be derived from the attenuation curves shown in Figure 2 alone. Performance is a complex function of filter element impedances and noise source impedances, which vary in magnitude and phase over the frequency spectrum. Measurements should be made in consultation with in-house compliance testing or an independent EMI test facility.
Figure 4 - Conducted EMI profile of a DC-DC Converter with QPI-5.
Test Example
Figures 3 and 4 show the before and after plots of a DC-DC converter noise profile to demonstrate the performance of the QPI-5. The plots were taken using the standard measurement technique and set up defined in CISPR22. The results show the total noise spectrum for a standard DC-DC converter under load compared to the EN55022 Class B Quasi-peak detection limit.
Layout and Circuit
Application of the QPI-5 requires PCB layout practices similar to those used with passive EMI filters. The circuit in Figure 6 and the PCB layout in Figures 9 & 10 should be used as a design guide to ensure successful application of the QPI-5. Refer to the application note QPI- AN1 for additional PCB layout recommendations.
Note: For optimum performance of the QPI-1 it is critical to connect the QPI-1 Shield Plane (pins 5 & 6) to the converter EMI Shield Plane (common point of C1-C4 "Y" capacitors) thru RY as shown in Figure 6. If the safety earth-ground connection (chassis or case) is connected in the power conversion section of the PCB it should be at the input bus of the QPI-1 Shield Plane, shown as the optional connection in Figure 6. Connecting the converter EMI shield plane directly to chassis ground may degrade the QPI-1 attenuation performance. The typical value for RY is 10 Ohms. The recommended part is a 5% tolerance SMT1206 or similarly rated 0.25 W through-hole resistor. Some systems may require the converter positive or negative input or an output "terminal" to be connected to PE (Protective Earth) ground for safety or other considerations. When using the QPI in this situation this "terminal" must be connected to the converter shield plane created in the PCB layout under the converter. Because the PE earth path may pass excessive current under a fault condition the resistance of this path may be limited to a low resistance value. To meet the resistance requirement without degrading filter performance Ry can be replaced by a 4.7uH inductor rated for the fault current condition maintaining low power dissipation during a fault until the protection device clears.
Figure 3 - Conducted EMI profile of a DC-DC Converter without filter.
The resulting plot in Figure 4 shows the QPI-5 is effective in reducing the total conducted noise spectrum measured pre-filter to well below the EN55022 Class B Quasi-peak detection limit.
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 3 of 8
QPIs will filter multiple DC-DC converters up to the maximum current rating. The schematic in Figure 7 shows the required circuit for multiple DC-DC converters. The Shield Plane should be added under each converter as a common EMI Shield. Note that only a single RY is required in a multiple converter configuration. If higher attenuation is required, QPIs can be connected in series. Figure 8 shows the proper schematic for QPIs in series. Note that only one RY is required in this configuration. The QPI can also be used to filter embedded or "down" converters made up of discrete components. Where ever possible a Shield Plane and Y-capacitor decoupling should be included in the embedded converter design. Follow the circuit and layout recommendations for a brick converter shown in Figures 7, 9 & 10.
Thermal Considerations
The current derating curve shown in Figure 5 should be used when the PCB temperature in close proximity of the QPI-5 exceeds 60C. For example, the QPI-5 will support up to 13 A of current or 308 W from a 28 Vdc bus at an 80C interface temperature. Temperature should be measured at the PCB interface to the QPI-5 on the Bus +/- pads or the QPI+/- pads. Refer to Figures 9, 10 & 12 for PCB layout recommendation.
15 14
QPI Current (A)
13 12 11 10 9 8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
PCB to QPI Interface Temperature (Deg. C)
Figure 5 - QPI-5 current derating curve.
PCB plane under converter
BUS+
QPI+
VIN+
VOUT+
C1
BUS SUPPLY
CB 47F
QPI
SHIELD
CIN
CONVERTER
QPIC2
SHIELD
BUS-
VIN-
VOUTC3 C4
RY Optional Connection
Figure 6 - Recommended schematic for QPI. Values of CIN and C1-C4 should be the values recommended by the converter manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not specify a value for the Y-capacitors use 4.7nF. Ry=10, 1/4 W.
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 4 of 8
PCB plane under converter
BUS+
QPI+ CIN1
VIN+
VOUT+
BUS SUPPLY
CB
QPI
47F
SHIELD
CONVERTER
QPIC1 RY C2
SHIELD
BUS-
VIN-
VOUTC3 C4
Optional Connection 10 , 1/4 W PCB plane under converter
VIN+ CIN2
VOUT+
CONVERTER
VINC5 C6
SHIELD
VOUTC7 C8
Additional Converters
Figure 7 - Schematic for supporting multiple DC-DC converters. Note only a single RY is required. Use values recommended by converter manufacturer for CIN and Y-capacitors C1-C8.
PCB plane under converter
BUS+
QPI+
BUS+
QPI+ CIN
VIN+
VOUT+
BUS SUPPLY
CB
QPI
47 F
SHIELD
QPI
SHIELD
CONVERTER
QPIC1 RY C2
SHIELD
BUS-
QPI-
BUS-
VIN-
VOUTC3 C4
Optional Connection
10 , 1/4 W
Figure 8 - Series connection of QPI for higher attenuation.
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 5 of 8
See note A Thermal 2 Thermal 1
Top Layer - Top View
Earth
CB
+
*
CIN
+
* *
*
*
Converter Shield Plane
5mm (0.200") 5mm (0.200") Recommended Component Clearance (See note B)
Figure 9 - Recommended layout for top layer of PCB. Pattern shows optional pins (*) dependent on converter used in design. (Actual size with half brick footprint) Note A: Some converters may radiate energy past the QPI into the input bus degrading noise reduction of the filter. To minimize the potential for this effect use a maximum feasible distance between the QPI and the converter in the layout. The input filter and any bulk hold up capacitors should be placed in this area. Note B: Hako de-soldering nozzle model no. A1137 and appropriated temperature controller can be used for removing and re-soldering SiP packages. Clearance around the SiP is a keep out zone for components as noted by the dashed line to use this tool. Components taller than 10mm (0.400") require 15mm (0.600") clearance from the SiP package edge.
Thermal 2
Thermal 1
C1
C3
QPI Shield
Shield Plane
RY
Bottom Layer - Top View
C2
C4
Figure 10 - Recommended layout for bottom layer of PCB. Note location of RY. Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 6 of 8
0.1773
45.000 0.0625 0.0820
0.9843 0.8000
0.492 0.441 0.400 0.300 0.100
QPI SIP Package (Bottom View)
0.9843
13 places
0.0820 R0.0410
0.000 0.100
2 places
0.0820
0.1250
0.300 0.400 0.441 0.492 0.300 0.100 0.000 0.100 0.300 0.441 0.492
0.050
0.0200
Figure 11 - QPI package dimensions and pad locations.
QPI Package Outline
THERM 2
0.4850 0.4410 0.3970 0.3000
0.492 0.441
THERM 1
13 places
0.0880
0.050
QPI PCB Pad Pattern (Top View)
0.492
R0.0440
0.1000 0.0000 0.1000
0.0440
BUS+
0.4410
0.4410
QPI+
2 places
0.0440 0.050 0.050
0.3000 0.3970 0.4850
0.0655
SHIELD BUS-
0.0880 0.1310
0.050
0.4850 0.4410 0.3970
0.3000
0.1000
0.0000
0.1000
0.3000
0.3970 0.4410 0.4850
QPI-
0.050
Figure 12 - Recommended PCB solder mask dimensions and layout. Use 1.3mm clearance around shield pads 5 & 6 to adjacent lands. See Figures 9 & 10 for recommended connection layouts.
Ordering Information
Part Number QPI-5L Description QPI-5 Land Grid Array
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com
QPI-5L Data Sheet Rev. 2.0 Page 7 of 8
Vicor's comprehensive line of power solutions includes high-density AC-DC & DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC & DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Vicor. Vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. All sales are subject to Vicor's Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available upon request.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Vicor Corporation 25 Frontage Road, Andover, MA, USA 01810 Tel: 800-735-6200 Fax: 978-475-6715
Email Vicor Express: vicorexp@vicr.com Technical Support: apps@vicr.com
Picor Corporation * www.picorpower.com * QPI-5L Data Sheet
P/N 28957
Rev. 2.0
4/05

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